This article explores the relationship between gender diversity on corporate boards and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) performance. CSR, defined as the commitment of businesses to contribute to sustainable economic, social, and environmental practices, has gained significant attention in the corporate world. Key dimensions of CSR, including environmental responsibility, social equity, and corporate governance, are central to this discussion. The article establishes the link between corporate governance structures and CSR, with a particular focus on the role of gender diversity on boards. Drawing on various theoretical frameworks, including the upper echelons theory, resource dependence theory, and agency theory, the paper examines how gender diversity influences CSR decision-making and performance. A review of empirical studies highlights mixed findings, with some studies showing a positive impact of female board representation on CSR, while others indicate a neutral or negative relationship. This paper is theoretical and contributes to the growing body of literature by providing updated insights into the strategic role of gender diversity in corporate governance and sustainability. The findings offer valuable implications for both academics and practitioners, suggesting that increasing gender diversity on boards may contribute to more robust CSR practices, though the impact may vary depending on contextual factors.

This research explores critical aspects of the ethical and sociocultural implications of digitalization worldwide. The rapidly evolving digital transformation in societies around the world presents public policy challenges that cross borders and cultures. Based on systematic scoping of the existing literature along with empirical evidence, this paper identifies the following growing ethical tensions in the digital environment: erosion of privacy, algorithmic bias, digital divides and reconfiguration of social relationships. The authors highlight major inequalities in the way that digitalization affects different populations, including that marginalized groups often bear disproportionate digital risks and have limited access to digital benefits. This study ends up with a framework for ethical governance of digital technologies that translates innovation into a human rights entity and as a tool for social cohesion. By situating ethical concerns within broader socioeconomic, cultural and political landscape, this study adds to the existing debate around responsible digitalization.

Contemporary conflict resolution in African societies has failed to restore peace and broken relationships. African societies have developed a unique model of conflict settlement, which in the precolonial era, its restored peace and relationships. This research aimed at introducing Tangle conflict resolution. Tangle’s people migrated from Yemen and are now in north Eastern Nigeria, the Southern part of Gombe state, and are found in Akko and Billiri local government areas. The name originated from their king's greeting, i.e., le Tangal. Using content analysis of interviews, library data and anchored on social capital theory, the paper seeks to identify: Tangle conflict resolution philosophy, structures, changes and causal factors. The philosophical underpinning of Tangle conflict resolution is kong kai pi saba ta bulokbulokki (it is better to pursue a matter while it is fresh), immediate settlement to avert conflict escalation. It has a decentralized institutional structure from the kiwi manna (family head) to Mai yells (supreme King of Tangle kingdom). Integration of the kingdom into the British colony and later English legal system in post independent Nigeria has destroyed Tangle institution, charged with conflict resolution. The paper concluded that Tangale conflict-resolution philosophy and structures have been largely replaced by the English legal system, which has contributed to the lack of peace and unity in the kingdom. Among other measures, it was recommended that the Tangale conflict-resolution philosophy and institutions be constitutionally restored.